Other associated clinical features
Patients with acne have seborrhoea not only of the facial skin but also of the scalp. There are no quantitative data on this latter correlation but the opinion of most clinicians is that such a relationship seems likely.
Rarely, an androgenic tumour such as Cushing's syndrome can present as acne. Similarly, some patients with the Stein-Leventhal syndrome may present with acne. Despite the rarity of these occurrences the physician should always be aware of their possibility.
An excessively rare complication of acne is solid facial oedema. This author's department has seen three patients in eighteen years, while Connelly and Winkelmann reported four patients. Elastic compression, oral steroids and intensive acne therapy were found to be of minimal benefit in resolving the oedema. The problem constitutes a vicious circle so, in a patient who has this complication, it is essential to treat the acne, however mild, aggressively in order to bring it quickly under control. This may help to contain the oedema which presumably is due to hypopolastic or aplastic lymph vessels. No lymphangiography was performed in this department's or published data.